Scottish chemist who studied under Cullen and discovered that calcium carbonate was converted to calcium oxide upon strong heating giving off a gas which he called "fixed air" (carbon dioxide). He studied fixed air, and found that a candle would not burn in it, that it would not support animal life, and that it was a product of respiration. He showed for the first time that reactions involving airs conserved weight. In his experiments, Black made consistent use of quantitative weight measurements. He also discovered latent heat of fusion and latent heat of vaporization. In addition, he found that the same amount of heat produced different temperature changes in different bodies. The change in temperature for a given amount of heat is now known as specific heat.

Cullen