The Earth mass is kg.

The Earth's average orbital distance from the Sun is m, a distance known as the astronomical unit.

Earth's only natural satellite is the Moon, sometimes called Luna.

The solar day (i.e., the time to complete a rotation taking into account that the Earth is also advancing in its orbit and so reaches the same orientation relative to the Sun in slightly less time than its rotational period in inertial space) is 24 hours, or 86,400 seconds. The sidereal day, which is the Earth's rotational period relative to the "fixed" stars, is 23 hours, 56 minutes, and 4.1 seconds (or 86164.10 seconds).

Earth's average surface temperature is 287 K. It is at perihelion on January 2, at a distance 3% closer than aphelion in July. Climatic changes are closely linked to temperature variations. A lowering of temperature creates more ice which increases albedo and reflects more radiation, reinforcing the cold. Cooling, however, decreases the quantity of water vapor in the atmosphere, producing fewer clouds and a lower albedo. This, in turn, leads to a cancellation of the cold. The net effect of these processes is not understood.

Earth's temperature is regulated by the oceans which carry heat to the poles and limit ice buildup in the polar ice sheets. The positions of the continents affect the amount of ice than can form, however, so continental drift can affect climate. There is a small greenhouse effect present on Earth caused by the combustion of hydrocarbons and other releases of CO₂ into the atmosphere by humans.

Asthenosphere, Atmospheric Phenomena, Aurora, Earth Mass, Earth Radius, Magnetosphere, Moon, Planet, Solar System, Sun